Empowering our Mom's

Hello everyone,

Today was the start of Mom 2.0. We had had the 1st Cafe session at the Impact Center.
It was very encouraging for me to see the Mom's get excited about technology and the possibilities it could hold for them.

The guys from the Reconstructed Team will also be facilitators in Mom 2.0. The world needs to soon get ready for our "Super Techno Moms".

Will keep you guys updated.

Cheers,
Clinton

MOM 2.0

Today was the first session with the ladies from the Mom 2.0 team.It was very blessed.Marlon presented to them what he was going to do in the weeks to come.They were amazed at what you can all do via technology.They seemed very exited about what they are going to do.They have already received homework in their first session.I,m so exited for them.I know God is going to do awesome things through their lives.God bless our moms

MY MOM

This is my mom at her first MOM 2.0 cafe session.

Thank you JESUS for my salvation

Hey everyone i can thank JESUS for my salvation, i was at mr Bells funeral thank GOD for his salvation,the word says if you have JESUS in your life theres eternal life,so for you guys who don't have JESUS give him a chance in your life have a JESUS day.

Thank you JESUS for my salvation

Hey everyone i can thank JESUS for my salvation, i was at mr Bells funeral thank GOD for his salvation,the word says if you have JESUS in your life theres eternal life,so for you guys who don't have JESUS give him a chance in your life have a JESUS day.

God takes me to new heights

Hi everybody,

A little over a year ago I was still involved in substance abuse and gangsterism and I thought there was no hope for me. Alot has changed since then, I met Jesus Christ and he changed my life.

Since then I have become the Chairperson of the Local Drug Action Committee in the Athlone District and I am actively involved in the fight against substance abuse and related social ills...

The other big thing that has happened in my life this year is that I completed my 1 year course in Principles of Event Management at Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT) and obtained a 75% overall aggregate. It was a hard year for me coming out of the hectic lifestyle I lead and having to go back and study at university to obtain an internationally recognised qualification. But God was gracious to me and gave me the strength to push through.

God's hand is really upon me and his favour surrounds me because my wife Shameez and I have also started our own business and things are really looking good for the business.

Matthew 6:33 "But seek first his kingdom and his righteousness, and these things will be given to you as well.

The story of Chad

hi everybody this is Chad age 21 he was on drugs and know set free by the Power of God.
Chad is always full of joy and like to help where he can.Chad want his brother Joshua to do well in school and in his sports, but at this moment Joshua is struggling with his school Chad want the readers to pray for his brother.

In five years time Chad is hoping still to be alive.He can see the bright future ahead of him and he don't want to miss the plans God has for him.

One of his dreams is to play professional soccer and no one can help him achieve that goal only God.

please keep Chad in your prayers

God bless....

WE SHOULD LOVE OTHERS LIKE WE LOVE OURSELVES

THE WORD OF GOD

i am at home reading the Word of GOD and spending time in prayer.just took time out to type this message. GOD bless the one reading this message in JESUS NAME

FROM DISASTERS(DISA-STARS)- SUPERSTARS

Mr.Dicks the director of the Renaissance Programme last week asked me if I could assist him and be one of the facilitators on a camp as he was short of staff. I agreed and went along on this camp. This was a team building camp for street kids that was selected to go and present SOUTH AFRICA in a four aside street soccer tournament in AUSTRALIA.These are very talented young men and plays soccer brilliantly, however it is not just the talent that wins games, its team work as well.The aim of the camp was to get them to work together as a team. When we got to campsite we settled in, in our various dorms. The campsite was so beautiful; it was literally at the foot of a mountain, the perfect atmosphere to be working with these boys. Away from the hustle and the busy life of the streets they are so use too. The weather was beautiful and perfect for outdoor activities. The only thing about this campsite was that there was lots of snakes around and we had to check the toilets floors each time we went to the toilets as the toilets was outside. The guys were well behaved and easy to work with. I initially thought they were going to be rude and difficult to work with as they come from the streets.(forgive me Lord for judging)They proved me wrong!!They did so well in all their team building exercises; they just blew us away.Their soccer skills are……I can’t even explain WOW!!! I hope and pray that God bless them as they journey to Australia. These boys are going to make our nation proud. it is an honor to be part of what they will be doing in Australia, even if it is just a small wee part.
GOD BLESS YOU GUYS AND USE THAT GOD GIVEN TALENT TO BRING GLORY TO GOD.
GO SUPERSTARS!!!!!

GLORY TO GOD

I had a very good Monday.It was very good to be at the centre again this week.I have been working last week and missed the team so much.It just felt good to be at the centre amongst brethren.I did aftercare today after a long time and that it felt so good to be with the kids again.I have missed them so much.It feels good to be busy with Gods work again.I think that God has just showed me that i don't belong in a secular job and that He has called me to extend the kingdom of God full time

I GIVE GOD ALL THE GLORY AND THE PRAISE!!!

Mom excited for technology

tomorow is the launch of the mom 2.0,mom 2.0 is moms giving there storoy what they whent through in the time of their childrens drug abuse.my mom is excited,she know nothing about technology but i will be her tweeter GOD BLESS.....

Another day with Jesus

I just had an awesome day in the lord, like they say everyday i sweeter than the day before when you in Christ Jesus. I had an very good time in church this morning, followed by a fabulous lunch that was prepared by Gary. i'm living in such an spectacular time whereby I know the God I serve can do and command anything for me, which gives life an edge by walking this journey in expectation of the will of God for my life.

Welcome to the new members

These are the new members of the reconstructed project from left Jason,Gary,Dayle and Ricardo.

From street corners to Conference Halls...

Hello everybody,

This is exciting times for me when I just think back 1.5 years ago I was hanging out on street corners getting high on drugs, getting involved in gang activities and getting into trouble with the law.

I was approached by Department of Social Development to do a 5 minute with the new MEC of Social Development, Mrs. Zodwa Magwaza at an event to welcome her into her new position. There were many other dignitaries from local government as well as Ceo's and Directors of organisations present at the meeting. I was there in the capacity of Chairman of Athlone Local Drug Action Committee.

Wow God has brought me a mighty long way in short period. All glory, honour and praise be to God, for there is none like him.

Psalm 37:4 Delight yourself in the Lord and he will give you the desires of your heart

Watch this space! Be blessed.

Testimony of Turn around

My name is Ricardo Little from Athlone, Cape Town. I'm 30yrs old and was addicted to drugs for 13yrs and was also involved in gangsterism. Things got real bad and i even found myself in "Pollsmoore Prison"at a stage. Through drugs i managed to destroy all relationships wether it work or personal. I tried different things to substitute the drugs but nothing worked. Now that i found Jesus i've found my life is totallay turned around! I'm free from any form of addiction! Through God's Grace i find my life is also being reconstructed, and all relationonships are rapidly being restored! To all parents and anyone who finds themselves in similar situations don't give up hope! If God can do this for me, He can do greater things for you!

gary,s back

if you remember the story of the prodical son,you will know exactly whats going down.im like a badboy gone good.O yes,im from Atlantis.At age 10 i accepted Jesus Christ as my saviour.I served God faithfully untill my life took a heavy turn at the age 20.I got involved in the underworld,drugs,crime,actually anything ellegal tickled my fancy.So you can imagine this,an youth leader who lead youngsters in the way of the Light then turned his back on God and sold drugs to many of the youngsters that followed him.But by the grace of God he has brought me back to salvation.And thats why gary,s back

DAYLE MIGHTEY STOREY

Hi im Dayle Prezens I am from newfields cape town and i was addicted to heiron for 4 years and by the grace of GOD i have been made new and found new hope in GOD. In the tme of using drugs i was told that there ws no hpre for me and soon there after i started to believe that i as never going to, but when i met GOD all things was made new and i found hoepe in him and now i find myself helping others too and i thank GOD for what he has done .

life starts

life starts when you give your life away ,its by accepting JESUS CHRIST into your HEART and giving your life away to HIM its the BEST THING EVER WHAT YOU CAN DO ,because the world cant give you enternal life that means you will go to hell and the saddes thing is that people is dieing and they haven't started life yet or even tasted it that is really sad

so JESUS IS LIFE AND HE HAS GIVEN ME LIFE AND HE CAN DO THE SHAME FOR YOU THAT IS LIFE!!!!!

My Life

My Name is Jason I am 17 years of age Ive been a drug Addict since my Father past away in the year 2001 for me life was hard as a young lad my mother could not provide for me all cloths I ware was broken, life was hard.

Since I've accepted Jesus my Life went from better to Better, Strength to Strength Today I'm set free of Drugs named; Tik,Dagga,Tabacco and Alcohol I am now 2 years free of it and fall part of a team called the Impact Team

Micro blogging

Morning everyone hope you are blessed,im at the c.p.u.t Marlon is going to teach us how to use micro-blogging ill keep you updated God bless and have a good weekend God bless.

NEW THINGS ABOUT TECHNOLOGY

Praise the Lord today i am back at the CPUT ,i am learning new and exciting things
about bloging, maybe i might walk into many business opportunities through technology.

Proverbs:4:11....I guide you in the way of wisdom and lead you along straight paths.

THE NEXT PHASE......

Hey there everyone.Today we are at the C.P.U.T campus with Marlon Parker.He will be teaching us all about micro-blogging today.This is something that i have been waiting for a long time.I am looking foward to using this new technology to extend the Kingdom of God.This will be a new tool to reconstruct and equip our communities with.Will keep you guys updated on how the class went.

I GIVE GOD ALL THE PRAISE AND THE GLORY FOR WHAT HE IS DOING IN EVERYONES LIFE

Another weekend starts JESUS keep everyone safe

Hey people hope everyone is blessed its friday, we should pray that everyone thats out partying will be touched by the spirit of the LORD i pray for spirit of conviction GOD BLESS

PREACHING THE GOSPEL TO THE MASSES

Well done to the guys(MARLON PARKER and CRIAG ROSS)for the brilliant interview last night on RADIO TYGERBERG.The message came through loud and clear.You guys preached the gospel to thousands if not millions.Praise the LORD!!Well done to Criag for answering the questions from the listeners and just being led by THE SPIRIT.May God continue to bless you and take you guys to the NEXT DIMENSION.

THANK YOU LORD FOR WHAT YOU ARE DOING.

Thanking JESUS for another day

Hey everyone hope you had a blessed day just think for a second its through JESUS that we are still breathing give him all the praise till later GOD BLESS

This ground is for JESUS

This is me at the Athlone stadium claiming the ground for JESUS.
TO win souls for the Kingdom of God is more important than the 2010 soccer world cup

Love each other....

The LORD command is to LOVE each other.

Everyone that is reading this Blog I LOVE you..

God bless and have a great day.

read John 15-17

Show us the way

Some of the guys of the Impact Team singing and getting ready for their trip away.

Jesus my everything

hey my name is Jerome i was on tik for 4 years and my life was going downhill but by the help of the impact centre in bridgetown but i want to give JESUS all the glory, if you on drugs remember there is someone who can help you JESUS CHRIST till later bye

THANK YOU JESUS

Death to Life

Brent Williams sharing his story of how he was reconstructed at a local school.

River meeting

Tonight it is all about JESUS we are having a River meeting at the impact centre.the river meeting is about flowing with GOD

God's grace is sufficient....

Hi everyone,

I was encouraged to see one of my brothers in Christ back at the Impact Center after he went through a tough time the last few months.

My encouragement to all is that no matter what we do and no matter what we say there is nothing that nobody can do that will seperate God's love for us. It is from his unfailing love for us that God's all sufficient grace flows.

Hallelujah we serve a awesome God.

Ephesians 2:8 For it is by grace that you have been saved,

Drug Testimony

Nazier Fortune sharing his testimony about how his life has been turned around and reconstructed.

Dont need alcohol and drugs for enjoyment

greetings in JESUS Name...today i enjoyed the Liverool,Man united game with some friends and it was without any alcohol and drugs...the cherry on top my team won liverpool 2 man united 1

Mobile chat counsellors interview

Interview with Clinton Liederman and Brent Williams who is part of the Mobile chat drug counselling team.

A journey towards the future

Good day.....I am going to a high school this morning to motivate learners.
we are going to watch a movie (Sarafina) and literacy coaching today.

The journey of a thousand miles starts with one single step.Today you have to give that one step, rgardless of your circumstances, regadless of who are here and who are not here..just give that step towards a great future.

My first step was into the wrong direction i got caught up in drug abuse for 8 years and i did not have people to motivate me,and i am exited to coach these learners

God bless.....

LEARNING

I have learned so much and met so much people over the last couple of days .I am definitely going to spend more time in front of the p.c.I also learnt how important it is to network. You never know whom you will meet. I met a very interesting lady, Jayne Morgan.. Jayne did a presentation PODCASTING. A podcast is a series of digital-media files, which are distributed over the Internet using syndication feeds for playback on portable media players and computers.This is something we can use to upload our testimonies onto our blog.She is naturally over the moon to work alongside us and think what we are doing is so good. She and the podcast programme is going to be such a big blessing to the programme.

Thank God for Divine links

impossible means nothing to GOD

I WAS TODAY AT TAFELSIG HIGH SCHOOL , I WAS SPEAKING TO A GRADE 9 CLASS JUST TO MOTIVATE THEM. I WAS ASKING THEM WHAT CAN WE USED FOR POSITIVE PRHASE AND THEY COME UP WITH IMPOSSIBLE MEANS NOTHING AND I WAS BLOWN AWAY BY THERE MINDS .
IT BROUTH ME TO THE SCRUBTURE THAT JESUS SAID IN MATTHEW 19-26 JESUS LOOKED AT THEM AND SAID WITH MAN THIS IS IMPOSSIBLE ,BUT WITH GOD ALL THINGS ARE POSSIBLE SO THAT MEANS THAT IMPOSSIBLE DOES NOT MEAN ANYTHING TO GOD AND FOR HUMAN IT DOES MEAN SOMTHING AND THAT IS A BIG CHALLEGE IN OUR COMMUNITIES BECAUSE THEY DONT BELIEVE THAT THEY CAN DO IT SO THATS WHY WE HAVE A BIG CHALLEGE AHEAD OF US SO FOR GOD ALL THINGS ARE POSSIBLE FOR GOD SO WE AS CHILDREN OF THE MOST HIGH KING CAN STAND ON THAT WORD AND PROMISE GOD BLESS.

D.C.I. COFERENCE

The D.C.I (Digital Citizen Indaba) conference Marlon and I attended kicked off to a good start. We were second on the programme, Marlon spoke about how technology can be used to reconstruct drug addicts and help with the tension in our communities. He also spoke about how he is using mxit as a tool to combat the drug scourge out there. He then called me up to give a bit of my story as to where I come out of, and where I find myself now. The presentation went so well and was warmly received by the other delegates and speakers. After we had finished it was time for a tea break. This is when people and journalist rushed to us to get our story. They were actually lining up waiting to speak to us. That is what I call God’s favour. Marlon spoke to few influential people in the industry and did some useful networking. By the end of the day Marlon had done three radio interviews and numerous newspaper interviews.

Yet again God had shown up big time. All glory and praise to God

FROM DRUG DEN TO LECTURE HALL

Just over a year ago I was still sitting with my fellow gang members and friends, high on methamphetamine/tik, not even coming close to imagining that one day I would be speaking to a lot of lecturers, big time bloggers and other influential names in the media and technology world. On Thursday Clinton and myself spoke at the www (world wide web) at U.C.T and that itself was an achievement and a mind blowing experience. Literally a couple of days later I find myself (in an aeroplane) for the 1st time, on my way to Grahamstown to another conference (D.C.I conference) What amazes me is that this all took place within the space of three days. How awesome and good is God!? I attended another conference in Grahamstown(Highway to Africa conference)I did not speak at this conference, but was just absorbing in what was happening around me. This was truly an amazing experience. I give God all the glory, praise and honour.I take no credit or glory for myself because God had orchestrated all of this.

If there is any person out there that is struggling with drugs and think that there is no purpose for your life, that you don’t have anything to live for….God has a plan and purpose for you

Literacy Coaching....

Hello everybody.

I spent the afternoon at Tafelsig High School with the Grade 9 scholars. We are working with Earl Erasmus from The Dream Center and we will be initiating the Action Learning course at Tafelsig High.

This is another project Impact Direct Ministries is involved with in our quest to reconstruct communities.

Will keep you guys updated.

God bless.

Hi this is me standing in Klipfonftein road creating awareness of fetal alcohol syndrome.
We can change tomorrow today....

Who would have said that i would stand in the streets of cape town and creating awareness
God is really Good and i cant go without God

Jesus love you....

International Foetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) Day

Hi there, yes it's me again.

Yes I know twice in a day, that's a bonus right!

This morning the Athlone Local Drug Action Committee (ALDAC) of which I am the Chairperson, together with Early Years Services (EYS) had a March / Placard demonstration down the busiest main road in Athlone. The purpose of the march was to raise awareness of FAS and the dangers of females consuming alcohol during pregnancy.

Looking back at my life, the Lord really brought a long way, cause I would never have been involved with anything that was anti drinking alcohol and drugs.

The journey continues....

It's my Birthday

Hi everyone,

Today is my birthday and I am enjoying it in the presence of God. If this was 1.5 years ago I would have been planned a huge party with drugs and alcohol, but alot has changed. Jesus Christ came to deliver me from that lifestyle and set my feet upon a rock.

Psalm 2: 7-8: "I will proclaim the decree of the Lord: He said to me, "You are my son, today I have become your father. Ask of me and I will make the nations your inheritance and the ends of the earth your possession."

Praise be to God, I am a son of the most high God and I have an inheritance. Thank you Jesus!

www conference at UCT

Greeting everybody in Jesus name.

On Thursday last week myself and Brent attended the www conference held at UCT. We had to sketch the background from which we came to attendees in order for them to see how technology has helped in the reconstruction of our lives.

This was a really big occasion for myself and Brent as we never would have imagined we would be speaking at a www conference to people who are leaders in the IT field. WOW!!!

A few very good contacts were made with individuals who could possibly help take this venture to the next dimension. I am excited to see how this is all going to unfold.

Will keep you updated.

God bless!

MICRO-BLOGGING USING MXIT WORKSHOP

I am currently sitting in on a workshop that Marlon is doing with some of the delegates and keynote speakers of the D.C.I conference.The workshop is about,micro-blogging using mxit.This should be very interesting cause this is a concept that Marlon himself came up with .The class is about to start,so will be telling you all how it went.Till later everyone.

Grahamstown

The journey from Port Elizabeth to GRAHAMSTOWN was good.It took us about two hours to get to our destination.Our journey was very smooth though.The car that we hired only had 400 k/m on it,so it was still very new.Grahamstown is a very small town with many chapels and cathederals.We did a tour of Grahamstown and it took us a whole 20 minutes to tour the whole place.The atmosphere here is very relaxed.The first day was very relaxed,but i,m sure it will pick up tommorow.Will keep everyone updated on the conference as it goes on.

Thanx everyone again for all the prayers

PS.WILL POST SOME PICS OF GRAHAMSTOWN A BIT LATER

ARRIVED

This me at PORT ELIZABETH airport.I really enjoyed the flight.Will do it again anytime.

LANDING

The flight went very well.We had our breakfast on board.The flight was very quick though.I got the shock of my life when the air hostess anounced that we will be arriving in PORT ELIZABETH in a couple of minutes.We had only flown for 50 minutes.The flight was good and everything looked very beautiful from above.I can imagine how beautiful we must look when God looks down at us.

Praise God for a good safe flight.

Up-Up and away....

When the plane took off i could see the Cape Flats from a birds eye view.I could see the streets and wondered if there was anyone down there looking at the plane i was flying in, and wondering.."Flying is only for rich people".Cause that is exactly the mindset i had when i was caught up in drugs and gangsterism.Its time the mindsets of our people change.Everything is possible with God.I never thought that i would be flying in plane ever in my life.It just shows how little i know.However GOD knows everything.

All praise and glory goes to the Most High God

Taking off

Hey there everyone.This is me at Cape Town international airport.I,m about to board my plane.This is one of the highlights of my life as it is the first time i will be flying.God is just so awesome!!

Thanx everyone for all the prayers!!!!

Marlon & Brent is off

good day.... marlon and brent is finally off have a blessed conference and the impact team will be praying for you...GOD BLESS

JESUS TAKES ME TO NEW HEIGHTS

Praise be to the Most High God!!
This morning myself and Marlon Parker will be off to Grahamstown to a media conference.We will be presenting our mxit project and how technology can help with the tension in our communities.

Firstly we will be flying to Port Elizabeth and then we will be driving to Port Elizabeth.This will be my first time flying and naturally I am over the moon.This might seem small or petty to some people,but to someone like me that come off from drugs and out of gangsterism this is huge.I use to walk around when I was little and think that flying was only for rich people.I never had hopes or dreams.But today I know that I am rich indeed,i,m rich in blessings.Flying today is going to be a new”high” for me.
I know and believe that this is only the first of many flights I will be taking.I will be going to the nations and making disciples of all nations as the word of God declares.I cant help but shed a tear while typing out this.Wow,how great is our God.

I give God all the praise and glory for everything he is doing.I,m just so honoured that I can be a vessel to carry the fire and the glory of God.

I will be updating you guys as I go along.Right now I have to run as Marlon is on his way already and I need to get ready

To all the readers out there I wanna say,DREAM BIG!!!!

fellowshipping

This is the day that the LORD has made.
The impact team is having a team building (braai and potjiekos)
It is nice to see that our brother Shaun is fellowshipping with us

It is always good for brethren to come together and speak about the goodness of GOD
This is exactly what Shaun need right now

PROVERBS 27-17……As iron sharpens iron, so one man sharpens another.

God bless....

FROM THE PIT,TO THE PALACE

Yesterday myself and Clinton went to U.C.T. to talk a bit about our backgrounds and were we come out of. Jason did a presentation on how technology can help reconstruct drug addicts. He called myself and Clinton up during the presentation to come and share about our past experiences and and gang activities we found ourselves in while using drugs. The presentation went well and we got a lot of feed back and questions from the audience.

I never thought in a million years that this once drug addict would be speaking to people of that stature and at U.C.T nogal.God is just taking the team to new heights and places.

I give God all the praise and glory for what He is doing in my and the guys life.

God has really taken me from the pit to the palace, just like he has did for Joseph.

God is so faithful

Drug Counselling using MXit a step in the right direction

For many who are struggling with substance abuse and not knowing where to turn to there is hope. As part of the reconstruction project we've started a counselling service for those who are impacted by substance abuse. To add us on your MXit you can do the following:

1) Go to contacts
2) Add contact
3) Go to Jabber or Google Talk (depending on your version of MXit)
4) Jabber or Google Talk ID: idmtalk@gmail.com
Nickname: Impact
5) Accept contact

This service runs Tuesdays and Thursdays between 3 and 5pm. Join us as we reconstruct our communities.

the oil

i was in a river meeting on sunday and the fire of GOD WAS MOVING POWERFULLY , they prayed for me and my whole hands was full of oil.i was really blown away by GOD AND IAM HUGRY FOR MORE OF GOD .do not look at the things that are seen but look at the things that are unseen

Mxit counselling taking off...

Greetings to all in Jesus name.

The Mxit counselling service is going into a new dimension completely. We have at subscribers as far as the Eastern Cape using the service.

Through counselling on Mxit many young people are looking for organisations that could help them with their drug addictions. We even had a young man coming from Camps Bay to the Impact Center for one-on-one counselling for his drug addiction.

Marlon Parker and Brent Williams will be attending an Afgrican Media Conference in Grahamstown this weekend and they will be doing a presentation on the Mxit counselling service.

I will be keeping you guys updated re. Mxit counselling service.

Cheers.

Reconstructed by the power of God

THE JOURNEY BEGINS..........

Greetings in Jesus name. Yesterday a young gentleman by the name of Igshaan walked into the Impact Centre looking for help with his drug addiction. Clinton counseled him and he agreed to come back to the Impact Centre on a daily basis for further counseling. He has excepted Jesus Christ into his life and we are going to trust God that he won’t ever go back to using drugs again. Will keep you guys updated on Igshaaan, s progress as he continues to come to the Impact Centre.

one thing that we do at the Impact Center is Honoring our leaders,and our Spiritual Father is 60 years old today and our guys is making cards for him

Exodus 20:12....Honor your father and your mother, so that you may live long in the land the LORD your God is giving you.

doing good

Hallelujah greetings in Jesus name

if we all stand together we can save tomorrow today

1 Peter 3:13-14....who is going to harm you if you are eager to do good?But even if you should suffer for what is right,you are blessed.

Please do good say no to DRUGS and turn to God in your time of Trouble.

Brent Williams overcoming the World's most dangerous drug

The World's most dangerous drug

Overcoming my addictions

The monday is off to a great start GOD just brought new people into our midst here at the impact centre we dont see a drug addict but someone that can be reconstructed

The monday is off to a great start GOD just brought new people into our midst here at the impact centre we dont see a drug addict but someone that can be reconstructed